Cyber fraud and scams
Cyber fraud and scams
Cyber fraud and scams are becoming more common, and criminals are using clever tricks to steal personal and financial information. They often create a sense of urgency, make false promises or use threats to pressure people into handing over money or sensitive details. Many scams are never reported, so the true number of victims is much higher.
Common types of scams
- Phishing scams – Fake emails or messages pretending to be from trusted organisations.
- Online shopping scams – Fake websites or sellers taking payment for items that never arrive.
- Identity theft – Criminals using stolen personal information to open accounts or take out loans.
- Ransomware – Software that locks your files until you pay a fee.
- Investment scams – Offers of high returns that turn out to be fake.
- Romance scams – Scammers build fake online relationships to gain trust and ask for money.
- Phone scams (vishing) – Callers pretending to be from a bank or police to persuade you to transfer money.
- Courier scams – Fraudsters claiming your bank card needs collected due to “fraud.”
- Subscription traps – “Free trials” that lead to expensive ongoing payments.
- Computer software scams – Callers pretending your computer has a problem so they can access it.
- Money transfer scams – Requests to help move money from abroad, which leads to theft.
How to stay safe online
- take your time and check the facts before responding.
- verify messages, calls and links before giving personal information.
- use strong passwords and turn on two‑factor authentication.
- keep devices and software updated.
- treat unexpected contact with caution.
- check bank statements for anything unusual.
- remember: if something seems too good to be true, it usually is.
How to report a scam
You can report scams or get advice from:
- Police Scotland – 101
- Advice Direct Scotland – 0808 164 6000
- Money and Pensions Service
- The Pensions Regulator
- Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)
- Get Safe Online
To reduce unwanted calls and mail, you can register with
- Telephone Preference Service at www.tpsonline.org.uk or call 0845 070 0707
- Mailing Preference Service at www.mpsonline.org.uk or call 0845 703 4599
Or you can use phone blocking services like
- TrueCall at www.truecall.co.uk or
- Call Blocker at www.cprcallblocker.com
For further support, visit Cyber Fraud Hub.