Roads in winter

We prepare for winter by stocking enough salt to treat roads during ice and snow. We now start the season with around 31,400 tonnes of salt, which is close to what we expect to use in an average winter.

Higher stock levels help reduce the risk of shortages, especially during periods when demand is high across the country.

How salt works

Salt (grit) helps prevent ice from forming on road surfaces. It works by lowering the freezing point of water, making it harder for ice to develop.

However, gritting does not guarantee ice-free roads. Ice can still form if:

• rain washes salt off the surface
• water runs onto the road and freezes
• weather conditions change quickly

Take extra care when travelling in freezing conditions.

How much salt we use

We follow national guidance when deciding how much salt to spread.

Typical spread rates range from:

• 8 to 21 grams per square metre

In more severe weather, such as during snowfall, we treat main routes repeatedly. This means more salt is used to keep roads as safe as possible.

Why roads can still look white

Grit helps stop ice from forming but does not stop snow from settling on the road.

When snow falls:

• it will usually lie on the surface
• roads may need to be ploughed before being treated again
• traffic helps spread salt and clear the surface

On quieter roads, snow and ice may take longer to clear because there is less traffic to help work the salt into the road.

Additional materials in severe weather

During heavy snowfall, we may add coarse materials such as sand to improve grip and help break up compacted snow.

What you can do next

• take extra care when driving in winter conditions
• allow more time for journeys
• check road conditions before travelling